WAKIRTI WARLPIRI DICTIONARY WAKIRTI WARLPIRI DICTIONARY WAKIRTI WARLPIRI (A short dictionary of Eastern Warlpiri with grammatical notes) Draft 4: 19/11/85 Ali Curung and Tenant Creek NYAMPUJU PUKULU YIRRARNU ALICURUNG-WARTINGIRLI KAPI KUNAYUNGKU-WARTINGIRLI : Alice Nelson NANGALA-NAPURURLA-RLU Wanda Limbiari NANGALA-NAPURURLA-RLU Sally Martin NAPURURLA-RLU Gwen Brown NAPURURLA-RLU Valda Shannon NAPURURLA-RLU Connie Riley NAPANGARTI-RLI Sandra Allen NAPANGARTI-RLI Nancy Long NUNGARAYI-RLI These people wrote most of this book during a 2-week literacy course sponsored by Batchelor College in September 1985. Later, more words were provided by: Ruby Charles NAPALJARI-RLI Maudie Kelly NAPANANGKA-RLU Eva Kelly NAPANANGKA-RLU Hilda NAPURURLA-RLU Irene Driver NUNGARAYI-RLI kapi Donald Graham JUPURURLA-RLU Bunny NAPURURLA-RLU The book was compiled and typed by Jane Simpson. Wakirti Warlpiri: Draft 4: 19/11/85 CONTENTS I. Why write Eastern Warlpiri differently from Western Warlpiri? II. Endings on nouns III. Endings on verbs IV. Pronouns V. Puntu VI. Dictionary Eastern Warlpiri is spoken at Ali Curung and Kunayungku. Some people spell it 'Warlpri' because that is how the word sounds. It is called 'wakirti Warlpiri', that is 'light' or 'half' or 'easy' Warlpiri. They speak 'wakirti' Warlpiri at Willowra too. But, at Lajamanu they speak 'warrmarla Warlpiri', and at Yuendumu they speak 'jartirripanu Warlpiri'. They speak 'waringarli Warlpiri'. I. WHY WRITE EASTERN WARLPIRI DIFFERENTLY FROM WESTERN WARLPIRI? (This section was prepared by Valda Shannon Napururla.) SOUNDS Eastern Warlpiri is spoken much softer than Western Warlpiri. Some sounds are different: English Eastern Western good ngutju ngurrju fingernail yitjili yiljili hand taka rdaka brother paparti papardi child kurtu kurdu to dance yintimi wirntini stone purlu pirli knee murtu mirti fat jira jara to follow parami purami what nyayi? nyiya? fight, cheeky kulu kuli happened, -jayija -jarrija became We use /t/ and /rt/, but we don't use /d/ and /rd/. SPELLING Some of our endings are different to Western Warlpiri endings. English Eastern Western with water ngapa-parnta ngapa-kurlu Some of our words are shorter and sound softer. English Eastern Western I (doing ngajungku njajulurlu something) ngajungu thieving wijingi wijingki CONNECTING WORDS Some of our connecting words are different to Western Warlpiri,e.g. English Eastern Western was doing pa lpa be able to do yinga yungu will be doing it nga kapi and (used to kapi manu join words and sentences together) The first three connecting words are used together with action words to show when an action happened. DIFFERENT WORDS Many of our different Warlpiri words are from Warumunga and Warlmanpa. Examples: English Eastern Western clothes wawarta jinajina egg mula ngipiri damper kantirri mangarri stomach munku miyalu kangaroo wawirri marlu Other examples of different words: English Eastern Western fat jira jara to follow parami purami ear pijara langa rubbish one mathikarri punku pilyipilyi blind milkari pampa company, yilkajirri marlpa companionship shoulder jija jimanta slowly, pingka pulya carefully crow wangkirna kaarnka fast, loud wakurturtu kilji poor thing karnuru wiyarrpa kanuru close karrakarra kutu II. ENDINGS ON MOUNS Here are some important endings in Wakiriti Warlpiri. -jangka ELATIVE: "after, from" Yurapiti-ji ka nguna jarta-lku wiji-jangka-ji. rabbit-TOPIC is lie sleep-then thieving-ELATIVE-TOPIC The rabbit is lying asleep now, after stealing. Ngula yakarra partija jarta-jangka. that awake got.up sleep-ELATIVE He woke up from his sleep. -ku, ki DATIVE: "to, for" Ngula-rna-jana purlu yungu karntakarota-ku. after-I-them money gave women-DATIVE After I gave money to the women. Wawirri yati-jana yanu panu-kari-ki kalyarti-ki wangkaja-jana. kangaroo the them went many-DATIVE friend-DAT said-them The kangaroo went to a lot of his friends and spoke to them. -ku-ngarnti PREPARATORY: "before" Yurapiti-rli ka yunparni jarta-ku-ngarnti-rli. rabbit-ERGATIVE is sing sleep-PREPARATORY-ERGATIVE The rabbit sings before sleep. -kurlangu POSSESSIVE: "belonging" Parra-kari-rla-ji yarnkajarra wiji-ki-lki. day-another-LOCATIVE-TOPIC set.out.that.way thieving-DATIVE-then papulanji-kurlangu-kurra ngurra-kurra. European-POSSESSIVE-ALLATIVE camp-ALLATIVE One day he set out for stealing, to the European's camp. -kurra ALLATIVE: "to, into" Ngakakari-ji pala yanu Maliki-jarra-kurra-lku. later-TOPIC they went Maliki-jarra-ALLATIVE-then Later the two went then to Maliki-jarra. -ngurlu, -ngirli ABLATIVE: "from" Nyurruwiyi maliki-jarra pala wurna yarnkajarni karlarra-ngurlu. old.days dog-two they two travelling set.out.this.way west from In the old days two dogs set out travelling this way from the west. -parnta ASSOCIATIVE: "with, in, having" Ngarrka ka yani kuyu-parnta. man is go meat-ASSOCIATIVE The man is going with meat. Nyampunya-lpa-rnarlu parnkaja Jungarrayi-kurlangu-parnta here-was-we. mob ran Jungarrayi-POSSESIVE-ASSOCIATIVE kapi Jupururla-kurlangu-parnta and Jupururla-POSSESIVE-ASSOCIATIVE here we went along in Jungarrayi's (car) and Jupururla's (car). -rla, -ngka, -nga LOCATIVE: "in, on, at" Nyurruwiyi-lpa nyinaja wijipalka yurapiti, parlku old. days-PAST lived thieving rabbit, hole his-LOCATIVE nyanu-nyangu-rla ngurra-ngka, walya punturlperi-rla. his-LOCATIVE camp-LOCATIVE, ground bumpy- LOCATIVE In the old days, a thieving rabbit lived in his burrow, his camp, in the bumpy ground. Wita-ngku yurapiti-rli ka-rna kariti martarni lirra-ngka. small-ERGATIVE rabbit-ERGATIVE is-I carrot hold mouth-LOCATIVE I'm a small rabbit holding a carrot in my mouth. -rlu, rli, ngu, ngi, ngku, ngki ERGATIVE Nyanungu-jarra-rlu ngarrka-jarra-rlu, tiranki-jarra-rlu the-two-ERGATIVE men-two-Ergative, drunk-two-ERGATIVE payurnu-ju-pala: asked-me-they. two The two drunk men asked me: Yurapiti-rli ka kanyi wiji-ngi kariti ngurra-kurra. rabbit-ERGATIVE is carry thieving-ERGATIVE carrot camp-ALLATIVE The rabbit, thievingly, is carrying the carrot to camp. Wita-ngku yurapiti-rli ka-rna kariti martarni lirra-ngka. small-ERGATIVE rabbit-ERGATIVE is-I carrot hold mouth-LOCATIVE I'm a small rabbit holding a carrot in my mouth. -wana, warna? "along" Yinalingki yati-lpa purlu-wana-lku kiripi-yanu. echidna the-was stone-along-then crawled The chidna crawled along the stones. -wartingi INHABITANT: "person or thing that belongs in a certain place" Kuja palangu lani-manu Minjinpa-wartingi-rli, thus them. two scare-made Minjipa-INHABITANT-ERGATIVE Thus the people of Minjinpa scared the two. III. ENDINGS ON VERBS -karra Parnkanja-karra-rlu ka nyanyi marlu. While running, he's watching the kangaroo. -ku Ngarrka ka yani kuyu maninja-ku. The man is going to get meat. -kujaku Tarri-martani karna kiwari wuruly-parnkaja-kujaku. I'm holding the kid in case it runs away. -ku-ngarnti Ngarrka ka yani kuyu maninja-ku-ogarnti. The man is going in preparation for getting meat. -ku-purta Ngarrka ka yani kuyu maninja-ku-purta The man is going because he wants to get meat. -kurra Ngarrka karna nyanyi parnkanja-kurra. I'm watching the man running. -rla Ngarrka ka yani kuyu maninja-rla. The man is going after getting some meat. -rlarni\-rlani Kurta ka manyu kirtanyanu wanganja-rlani. wangkaja-rlani. wangkanja-rlani. The child is playing while its father's talking. -wangu Nyinaya parnkaja-wangu! Sit and don't run away! -warnu Kurtu mata-jarriya parnkanja-warnu. The kid's tired of running. IV. PRONOUNS Warlpiri has two types of pronouns. One type can stand by itself; and is called "free". These are words like ngaju, nyuntu, ngalipa. The other type has to join onto other words: this type is called "bound". These are words like -lu, -ju, -pala, -npa in ka-lu, ka-ju, ka-pala, ka-npa. There are many bound and free pronouns. Examples of most of them are given below: I. When the action word ('verb') has only one person or group involved (is 'intransitive'). This person or group is the SUBJECT. 1. One person does something Ngaju ka-rna parnkami. I am running. Nyuntu ka-npa parnkami. You (one person) are running. Nyanungu ka parnkami. He/she/it is running. 2. Two people do something Ngali ka-rli parnkami. You and me are running. Ngajarra ka-rlijarra/-rljarra parnkami. He and I are running. Nyumpala ka-npala parnkami. You two are running. Nyanungu-jarra ka-pala parnkami. The two of them are running. 3. More than two people do something Ngalipa ka-lpa/ka-rlipa parnkami. You and me and other people are running. Nganipa/Nganimpa ka-rnalu parnkami. They and I are running. Nyuwarla ka-ngulu parnkami.You mob are running. Nyurrarla ka-nkulu parnkami. Nyanungu-patu ka-lu parnkami. That mob are running. II. When the action word ('verb') has more than one person or group involved (is 'transitive'). The person or group who is doing something is the SUBJECT: the person or group which has something happen to it is the OBJECT. 1. Something happens to one person. Pakarni ka-ji ngaju. He's hitting me. Nyuntu ka-ngu pakarni. He's hitting you. Pakarni ka. He's hitting him. 2.Something happens to two people. Ngali pakarni ka-ngali. He's hitting you and me. Pakarni ka jarrangu ngajarra.He's hitting me and him. Pakarni ka-ngupala nyumpala. He's hitting you two. Pakarni ka-palangu.He's hitting them two. 3.Something happens to two people. Pakarni ka-ngalpangu. He's hitting you and me and other people. Pakarni ka-nganpaku He's hitting me and other people ka-npangu ka-nganpa Pakarni ka-nyarra. He's hitting you mob. Pakarni ka-jana He's hitting them III.When more than one person does something to other people. 1.When two people do something to other people. Ngajarrarlu-(rl) jarra-ngu nyangu nyuntu. He and I saw you (one person) Nyangu-npa-ji-pala.You two saw me. Nyumpalarlu-nkulu-nganpa nyangu ngajarra.You two saw us two. Nyumpalarlu-nkulu-nganpa nyangu nganimpa. You two saw us mob. Nyumpalarlu-nkulu-jana nyangu yalijarra. You two saw them two. Nyanungujarrarlu-ju-pala nyangu ngaju. They two saw me. Yalijarrarlu yinga-ngu-pala nyangu. That two saw you. 2.When two people do something to other people. Ngaliparlu/Ngalipangu ka-lpa-jana pakarni. You and me and other people are hitting them Nganimparlu ka-rnalu-jana pakarni. Other people and me are hitting them. Nganimparlu ka-rna-ngu-rlu / ?ka-rna-ngu-lu pakarni. Other people and me are hitting you. Nyurrarlarlu nyangu-nku-ju-lu ngaju. You mob saw me. Nyurrarlarlu ka-nkulu-jana pakarni. You mob are hitting them. Nyurrarlarlu-nkulu-nganpa nyangu ngajarra. You mob saw us two. Ngula-nkulu-nganpa nyangu nyurrarlarlu nganimpa. You mob saw us two. Nyurrarlarlu-nkulu-jana nyangu yalipatu. You mob saw that mob. yalipanji. Yalipaturlu yinga-ngu-lu nyangu nyuntu. That mob saw you. Nyanungurlu-ju-lu nyangu ngaju. The mob saw me. Nyampurlu ka-lu-jana / ka-l-jana pakarni. pakarni. This mob are hitting them. From these examples, we can see that: a. if two people do something to more than one person, or if more than one person does something to two people, the bound pronouns have the form of MORE THAN TWO PEOPLE, e.g. Nyumpalarlu-nkulu-nganpa nyangu ngajarra. You two saw us two. Nyurrarlarlu-nkulu-nganpa nyangu ngajarra. You mob saw us two. b. if the SUBJECT bound pronoun contains /-pala/ or /-lu/, and the other bound pronoun is /-ji, ju/ or /-ngu/, the /-pala/ or /-lu/ has to FOLLOW /-ji, ju/ or /-ngu/, e.g. Nyanungurlu-ju-lu nyangu ngaju. The mob saw me. Yalipaturlu yinga-ngu-lu nyangu nyuntu. That mob saw you. Nyurrarlarlu nyangu-nku-ju-lu ngaju. You mob saw me. Nganimparlu ka-rna-ngu-rlu pakarni. Other people and me are hitting you. ?ka-rna-ngu-lu Nyanungujarrarlu-ju-pala nyangu ngaju. They two saw me. Yalijarrarlu yinga-ngu-pala nyangu. That two saw you. IV. When someone does something to himself. Pakarni ka-rna-ji. I poke myself. All the other pronouns add /~nyanu/ instead of /-ji/, e.g. Pakarni ka-npa-nyanu. You are poking yourself. V.The DATIVE pronoun When someone does something which indirectly affects someone else, ( e.g. if someone hits someone else, he directly affects the other person, because the other person gets hit). The affected person is called the OBJECT. Pakarni ka. But if someone goes up to some other person he does not directly affect the other person. In this case, the second person has the DATIVE ending /-ku, -ki/ and the DATIVE pronoun /-rla/ is used: Ngula-jangka yati-rla yanu yinalingki-ki. that-after he-to.him went echidna-DATIVE After that he ( the kangaroo) went up to the echidna. VI. Yurtuyurtuku ( Orders ) When a person tells someone what to do, they don't use 'you', e.g. Yungka-jarrangku ngajarra-kurlangu purlu yarnunjuku. give-us. two our. two-belonging money hungry Give us our money for food ! /-npa/ is left out. Yungka-ji-pala maani ! give-me-they. 2 money You two give me money ! Here /pala/ 'they. two' is used, and not /n-pala/ 'you two'. V. PUNTU ( skin names, subsection names ) The names given first are the ordinary skin names. The names in in (sic) italics are the skin names used when talking to children and people younger than oneself. = shows marriage. So Nangala marries Jungarayi. The skin names are listed in two columns in mother-child order. Nangala's child is Japaljari/Napaljari. Nungarayi's child is Jakamarra/Nakamarra, and so on. Nangala = Jungarayi / Jungarrayi Ngangkala Jukurtayi Jangala = Nungarayi / Nungarrayi Jangkarli Ngapirta Napaljari = Jakamarra Ngalyirri Jakarra Japaljari = Nakamarra Japalyi Nakarra / Wajala Napururla = Japanangka Ngampurla Janama Jupururla = Napanangka Julama Ngamana Napangarti = Jampijinpa Ngamparti/Ngampayarti Jampirlka Japangarti = Jampijinpa Japayi/Japayarti Ngampija VI. DICTIONARY WARNING: This is only a draft dictionary. The spelling of many words, especially words for animals and plants {kuyu, watiya} has not been properly checked, so that they may be spelt wrongly. So, if you think a word should be spelt one way, and the dictionary spells it another way, you may be right, and the dictionary may be wrong. Word in parentheses like this = {yimi} = are Western Warlpiri words. Eng. English Wpa. Warlmanpa Wru. Warumungu Warlpiri classification terms: jukurrpa dreaming jurlaka flying creatures - birds and flying foxes jurnarrpa tools, gear kuyu meat, game marna grass miyi non -meat food, vegetable food, honey ngarlu bush honey ngarninja-wangu not to be eaten, inedible ngurlu seeds that can be eaten, special kind of dreaming ngurrju-maninja-kurlangu medicine punta social classification, used of subsection terms and ngurlu dreaming wartingi grubs that can be eaten watiya bush, tree wiri big yukuju blossom x-kurlangu 'associated with X' x-parnta 'having X' x-piya 'like X' x-waru 'obtained from X'" a-parnta akilipurru = = Used for janjungu. j-parnta jajaja = (jaja) = grandmother (or jajana) jaka = = backside, bottom, buttocks jakarr-pinyi = = to cover up something or someone jakurtakurta = = watiya, miyi. Associated with paperbark trees. jalangu = = today, now jalyirrpa = = leaf, leaves, foliage jama = = generous. Someone who is so kind and gives money or food to anyone that asks him/her. Nyampu yapa ka jama nyinami. 'This man is generous.' jamaka = = grinding-stone. (Wpa. jama-ka 'to grind') jamirti = (jamirdi) = mother's father jamulu = = little bit OK, easy, all right. jangampalpa = = watiya, miyi, Bush lemon. (Wru. jangampal) jangarnka = = beard jangku-mani = = to answer. If someone asks a question and wants an answer from the people or from someone he/she is talking to. Nyanangku kapiji jangkumani? 'Who's going to answer my question?' jankami = = to burn Kapi kuja karlipa wantangka yani purtu-wangu wirliya-ji ngalpangu jankami walyangku-ju. 'And if we go in the sun without shoes, the ground burns our feet.' jantalypa-pantirni = = to poke holes in something jantapa = = antbed (see mingkirri, mintapa) jarlki-mantarni = = to block a blow. (or jalki?) Kuturu yati kalu martani, jarlki-martaninjaku karli-kujaku. 'Fighting-sticks are what they have to block boomerangs.' jarn-karrimi = = to be with legs up. Jamirti ka jarta mirti jarn-karrimi 'My mother's father is sleeping with his legs up.' jarnpa = = kurtaitcha jarntu = = pet dog jarra-mani== to light a fire. ngulajangka wariulkulu jarramanu 'after that they then lit a fire. jarralyujarralyu == kuyu. Lives in ngulya (burrow). (same as yarrukuliu, kunalirrpi) jarra == flames, fire. Janganpa ka kuyu jankami jarra-ngka Jangala-kurlangu. 'Jangal's possum is cooking in the fire.' jarta - (jarda) = sleep. Wawirri yati jarta-jangka yakarra partija milpalku nyanu nyurlu-nyurlu-manuy kapi walulku myangu. 'The kangaroo woke up from his sleep, rubbed his eyes, and saw the fire then.' Yurapitirli ka yunparni jarta-kungarntirli. 'The rabbit sings before sleep. 'Yurapitirli ka yunparni jarta-kungarntirli. Yunparnulku kuja! 'The rabbit sings before sleep. He sang like this!' jarta-ngunami == to be asleep. Kaya: Wurnturu-jarriya, kurtu ka jarta-ngunami. 'Look out! Go further away, the child is sleeping.' jarta-wantimi == to fall asleep. Wurnturu-ngurlu yatirla pina-nyangu yinalingkiki kapi marnalkurlpa ngarnu ngula ngulajangka yati jarta-wantija. 'From a distance he looked back for the echidna, and then ate some grass, and after that fell asleep.' jartawarri == watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. jartirrpanu == as in jartirrpanu Warlpiri 'hard Warlpiri such as is spoken at Yeundumu' (see wakirti, warrmarla, waringarli) jaru == language (see yimi) jatupiji == miyi jatja = (jalja) = half way jawarti == tomorrow (see jukurra) jija == shoulder jijami == to tease, incite, pick on. When someone teases an old lady or an old man or someone e.i. grandchildren can tease their grandparents. Nyanangky kaji jijami? 'Who's teasing me?' Ngajuku kanpju jijami. 'You're picking on me.' jijarni == to visit. Jirrimn jinta-lu yanurnu, jijarnu jilimi-kirra. 'Three of them went and visited the single women's camp.' jilimi == single women's camp jingijingi == completely, right through. Jingijingi pala parnkaja lani Minjinpa-ngurluju kakarrampayi pala parnkaja Maliki-jarra-kurra (Alicurung-kurra). 'The two (dogs) ran soared right through from Minjinpa east, the two ran to Ali Curung.' jinjilka == feather cockade worn by women in headdress for ceremony (or jinjila: same as kulanja) jinjimarlumarlu == butterfly; aeroplane jinjirri == watiya yukuju-parnta. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. jinta== one jinkari = = another (see yapakari). Ngula pina-yukajarni ngurra nyanu-nyangu-kurra, kariti jintakari- lki ngarnu. 'Then he went back into his camp and ate another carrot.' jintilyka = = grasshopper (see mikala) jintipirri = (jintirrjintirrpa) = ngarninjawangu, jurlaka, Willy wagtail (or jintitpirri). jipalangka = = watiya, ngarlu-parnta jipilyaku = = kuyu, jurlaka. Duck. Jirrama jinjimarlumarlu ngarnu jipilyaku-rlu. 'The duck ate two butterflies.' jipirrijipirri = = navel jira = (jara) = fat jiri = = prickle, thorn jirrama = = two (or jirrima). jirrama nyanungu-piya 'two things which are the same' ; jirrama-jinta 'three' jirramakari-jirramakari = = four. nyanungu-patu jirramakari-jirramakari 'square: something with four sharp points the same' jirripirti = (jirrpirdi) = kuyu, jurlaka. Small bird with black chest and red markings. jirrpinta = = kuyu. Lizard which lives in trees such as nutku, wakirlpirri, karrawari. jitja = (jilja) = sandhill jiwiriwiri = = miyi. Like ngarnturlpa. jiyamarlanga = = puntu - ngurlu Napururla/Jupururla, N/Jakamarra, N/Jampijinpa, N/Jangala-kurlangu. jiyiki = = kuyu. Small bird, finch. Its excrement is good medicine. jukana = = cross-cousin (see wankili) jukurra = = tomorrow (see jawarti) jukurra = = dreaming. law jukurru = = watiya, miyi. 'Lolly', bush orange, green in colour. (Wruparnttarli) jukuru = = don't like, fussy. If you tease someone and he/she doesn't like it. Or when someone is so fuzzy. Ngajuju jukuru nyanunguku. 'I don't like him.' jumari = = when people are not satisfied with payback. Opposite of yawuru. When someone fights someone and one of them is beaten up, and the other person is not satisfied and still wants to fight that same person. Yali karntaji ka jumati nyinami. 'That woman is not satisfied with the payback.' jumpuru = = marna junma = = knife. Junma-ngku yati kalu pajirni kuyu. 'They use a knife to cut meat with.' jupu-jupu = = soup. Jupururla ka yani jurnma-parnta jupujupu-ku. 'Jupururla is coming with a wallaby for soup.' jupurtu = = kuyu, jurlaka, Pawurrinji-wartingi. Little yellow bird that eats honey, white-plumed honeyeater? jupu = = just for fun. Jupu-rna manu junma Jupururla-kurlangu. 'I just took Jupururla's knife for fun.' juri-pinyi = = to jump (or juurl-pinyi) jurlaka = = general word for bird (or julaka ?) jurlpu = = small bird jurnarrpa = = things, tools. Wirlinyi-rna yanu kuyuku jurnarrpa-parnta. Junma, kana, mayingka kapi parraja-rna kangu. 'I went hunting for meat with tools. I took a knife, digging-stick, axe, coolamon.' jurnma = = kuyu. Left-handed wallaby. Marna ka ngarni. 'It eats grass.' jurnta-karrimi = = to be on one side of someone. When someone wants someone to wait for him/her while he/she is at the toilet or somewhere, and wants him/her to keep watch. Nangala jurntakkriya-ji, ngarna kuyuku nyanyi. 'Nagala, keep watch for me while I look for meat.' jurnta-mani = = to take it away from jurnta-ngarni = = to eat someone else's food. Jupujupu-rna jurnta-ngarnu jutalja-kurlangu. 'I ate my jutalja's soup (against their wishes?)' jurrpunpari = = sharp point. nyanungu-patu jirramakari jirramakari jurrpunpari 'square: something with four sharp points the same'; wirrkarti jurrpunpari 'triangle': kirrirti jirramakari jirramakari jurrpunpari 'rectangle' jurruru = = kuyu, jurleka. Bird. jurtiyina = = kuyu, jurlaka. Bird, flies around at night. jutalja = = mother-in-law, son-in-law (or jurtalja ?) k-parnta kaji = = for someone's benefit kajipa = = stick like a digging stick used by women in ceremonies. kakarra = = east kakarta = (kakarda) = sister-in-law (woman speaking); back of neck kaki = = elder brother (?babytalk) (see paparti) kalkarti = (kalkardi) = ngurlu, watiya-warnu kalyakalya = = husband, brother-in-law: husband's brother kalyarti = = friend, mate, ganger. Wawirri yati-jan yany pany-kari-ki kalyarti-ki wangkja-jana. 'The kangaroo went to many of his friends and spoke to them.' kalykuru = = nuisance, trouble-maker Karli yati kalu martani kuluku, kapi kaljana luwarni kalykuru nyarrpa-puntu, ngula kaljana kanyi nyarrpa-puntu. 'Boomerangs are what they have for fights, and they throw them at larrikins who have married wrong-skin.' kamina = = young girl, whose breasts have not yet grown kamparru = = in front, first. Kamparru murupungka! 'Put me in front (e.g. at head of queue)' kamparru-jarrimi = = to get in front, go ahead, get ahead. Wawirri yati kamparru-jayija. 'The kangaroo got ahead.' kana = = digging-stick, any stick. Kana-parnta-rna jirrama kirrapa pakarnu. 'I hit two goannas with a digging-stick.' kanajartu = = mother-in-law (see ngunyarri, kurtuju) kanakarlumpayi = = kuyu (same as yuluputaji) kangkuya = = father's father (or father's father's brother, or father's fathers's sister, and reciprocal) (see warringiy) (Wru. kangkuya) kankarlarni = = on top of (or kankarlani ?). Yurapitiji ka manyu-karri jitjanga kankarlani ngurra nyanu-nyangurla. 'The rabbit plays on the sandhill above his camp.' kankarlarra = = up. Nyampuju ka wanta kankarlarra-rla ngunami. "The sun's up'. kanta = = miyi. Bush coconut, insect gall often found on bloodwood trees. kantirri = = bread, damper kanyarla = = kuyu. Hills kangaroo with stripy tail. Marna ka ngarni. 'It eats grass.' kanyi = = to carry something. Kurtu witangku ka kanyi miyi yuparli. 'The small child is carrying some bush bananas.' Ngajungurna kangu jajaja ngurra-kurra. 'I took granny home.' Kuyu-pala kangka purranjaku. 'You two carry some meat to cook.' kanyi nyarrpa-puntu 'have a wrong-skin boyfriend or girlfriend or spouse'; ngula-janka nyangu yapalku wawirri-parnta kuyulkupa kangu wawirriji. 'after that he saw a man with the kangaroo, carrying the kangaroo as food.' kapakapa-mani = = to confuse or bewilder a person. Kinkingi jajaja kapakapa-manu yunparnjarla [sic] (yarta-parnta). 'The devil sang granny (with a magic song) and confused her (when she was out hunting, say.]' kapi = = and kapirti = = elder sister kapurlu = = elder sister (Wru. kapurlu) karalypa = = smooth. Wirliya karalypa 'smooth tracks' (as opposed to wirliya linja) kari = = a long way kariti = = wajirrki. Carrot. karlami = = to dig. Karnta karla kirrapaku karlami. 'The women is digging for goanas.' karlampi = = creek, waterhole. (Wru. karlampi) karlampijurtujurtu = = ngarninjawangu. Yam. Like wijaraki. karlanjirri = = kuyu. Lizard (or karlarnjirri ?) karlanpuka = = puntu - ngurlu karlapijipiji = = miyi. Sugarleaf karlarra = = west karli = = boomerang. Karli yati kalu martani kuluku, kapi kaljana luwarni kalykuru nyarrpa-puntu, ngula kaljana kanyi nyarrpa-puntu. 'Boomerangs are what they have for fights, and throw them at people who have married wrong-skin.' karlikita = = kidney karlimi -= = to flow. Ngarlu ka karlimi watiya-ngurlu. 'Honey is flowing down the tree.' karlipi = = watiya, ngarlu-parnta, yukuju-partna, ngurlu-parnta. karlitijpa = = watiya. Jukrrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. (or karlinytijpa, karlanytijpa) karlpikarlpirrpa = (karlpirrkarlpirrpa) = watiya, ngapa-kurlangu karlurnturrngu = = watiya, wartingi-partna, ngurlu-parnta. Tall black tree. (Wpa. mirrirnmirrirnpa) karnanganja = = kuyu. Emu (see yarnkirri). karnari = = kuyu. Small lizard. karnta = = woman karntawarra = = yellow ochre, yellow colour karrakarra = kutu = close, near. Karrakarra-lku pa yanu yinalingki yati. 'The echidna got closer now.' karrawari = = watiya, ngarlu-parnta, wartingi-parnta, ngurlu-parnta. Coolibah tree. karrimi = = to stand. Nyampunyalpa karrija pulka Jakamarra kurtukurtu parnta puwangka 'This was old man Jakamarra standing with children at the bore.' karrkarni = = to go along, head for (or karrkami?). karrkarninjirni kapala nguru Minjinpa-kurra pinangu. 'The two (dogs) were heading for the country Minjinpa.' karrkarrkura = = ngarninja-wangu, kanyarla-kurlangu. Inedible Solanum sp. eaten by hills kangaroos. (see nganjawarli, yipintirri, yakajirri) kartajalapurru = (kartajalapurupuru) = kuyu, jurlaka. Native hen (or katajalajala). kartaku = = billycan (or kartak) kartawurru = = stick for scraping out inside of nganjawarli (Solanum sp.). Made of kangaroo bone. Also used by women as clapsticks in ceremonies. kartji = (karlji) = eyelash kawuruwuru = = lizard kaya! = = look out! Kaya! Wurnturu-jarriya, kurtu ka jarta ngunami. 'Look out! Go further away, the child is sleeping.' kayi = = brother kiji-yinjakurlku = = firestick (see ngiji) kijikiji = = armpit kijini = = to throw something (or kijirni ) kijirrkikirrpa = = ngarninja-wangu. Like onions, bitter quinine-like taste. Plant associated with water. kijitarratarra = = kuyu, jurlaka. Waterbird with red legs, seagull. (or kijitarra) kilipanji = = policeman (Wru. kilipartta) kilpangarti = = kuyu. Possum. kilykilypari = = spotted, dotted kinki = = devil (Wru. kinki) kintirla = = watiya, ngarlu-parnta. Paperbark sp. kintirlpa = = stick used to close stomach of animal after gutting kinyuwurru = = miyi. Bush onion. (Wru. kinyuwurru) kiri = = fluting, lines engraved on tools kiripi-yani = = to crawl. Yinalingki yatilpa purlu-warnalku kiripi-yanu. 'The echidna crawled along the rocks.' kirli! = = leave it! kirlinpirtpa = =watiya, ngarlu-parnta, yukuju-parnta kirlipi = = miyi. Bush banana (see yuparli). (Wru. ngamukurtu) kirlka-mani = = to clean, scrape something. (Wru. kirlka-rninta) kirrapa = = kuyu. Goanna. kirrirti = = long, tall. kirrirti jirramakari jirramakari jurrpunpari 'rectangle' kirrkarlanji = = kuyu, jurlaka. Hawk (or kirrkalanji ?). kirtana = = father kirtirlpari = = crooked kirtirr-karrimi = = to block the road. minija ka kuyu-parnta parnkami. Kurtu karia kirtirr-karri kuyu puntanjaku. 'The cat is running with meat. The child is blocking its way, to get the meat from it.' kirtiwara = = ngurlu-parnta kitji = (kilji) = hard, strong, loud (see wakurturtu). Kitji wangkaya! 'Talk loudly' kitkitpa = = miyi. Like a carrot. kuku = = wait! kuku-juku! 'hang on a moment, wait a minute'. (Wru. kukarnpa!) kukurnu = = little brother, younger brother, brother whose mother calls one's mother 'elder sister' (see nyinya) kulanja = = feather cockade in headress [sic] worn by women in ceremonies, (same as jinjilka) kulu = = angry, cheeky, fighting kulurrpuka = = puntu - ngurlu? kulya = = armpit hair, public hair kumpakumpa = = soapy water, used water kumulajpurru = = jurlaka. Butcher-bird. kumulyurru = = kuyu, jurlaka. Budgerigar, (same as ngurruwaji, ngatijirri). kuna = = anus, excrement. ngajarni kuna 'to excrete'. yarnkirri-kirlangu kuna, yinjilmarri-kirlangu kuna, jiyiki-kirlangu kuna used for medicine. kunalirrpi = = kuyu. Lives in ngulya (burrow), (same as yarrukurlu, jarralyujarralya). kunja = = water found in trees (same as mirirti) kunjumarra = = watiya. River red gum. kunka-mani = = to take partner for someone in a fight kupawarna = = kuyu. Karrkarrkura kapi marna ka ngarni. 'It eats a Solanum sp. and grass.' kupurturru = = miyi. Small yam. kurlaki = (kulaki) = ngurlu, watiya-warnu kurlarra = = south kurlarta = (kurlarda) = jurnarrpa. Spear. Kurlarta-ngku yati kalu pantini kuyu. 'Spears are what they use to speak meat.' kurlukuku = = kuyu, jurlaka, Pawarrrinji-wartingi. Diamond dove. kurlukurlu = = children of one's sister (see kurtuna). (Wru. kurkukurlu) kurnta = = shame. Ngarrka-jarra-pala-nyanu kulungku ngarrurnu, karnta jinta-jana kurnta-wangu kutu rukurra-jarrija. 'The two men were telling each other angrily, one woman just butted in on them with no shame.' kurralypari = green kurrkurrju = (kuurrkuurrpa) = kuyu, jurlaka. Owl, flies around at night (or kurrkutju). (Wru. kurrkurr) kurrpurlartu = (kurrparu, kurrpurlardi) = ngarninjawangu, jurlaka. Magpie kurrunkurrunpa = = kuyu, jurlaka. Bird. kurtu = (kurdu) = child kurtuju = (kurdiji) = jurnarrpa. Shield kurtuju = (kurriji) = mother-in-law. Mother to daughter of daughter's mother-in-law. (see ngunyarri, kanajartu) kurtuna = (kurduna) = child of woman, child of man's sister (or kurturna). (see kurlukurlu) kurtukurtu = (kurdukurdu) = children kurtupu = = watiya, yukuju-parnta, ngarlu-partna kutangu = = kuyu. Rat kuturu = = jurnarrpa. Fighting-stick. Kuturu yati kalu martani, jarlki-martarninjaku karli-kujaku. "Fighting-sticks are what they have to block boomerangs." kuwarla = = wind, air, breath. Warujarri-ji kujaka kuwarla wangkami kakarrarni, kurlarni, yatijarni kapi karlarni, "The windy season is when the wind blows from east, south, north and west." kuwarla mani "to breathe, take in air", Mulyu yati karlipa martarni partinyanjaku kapi karlipa kuwarla mani. "The nose is what we smell with and what we get air with." kuyu = = meat, animal. Pina-yanu purlu-kurra ngula-jangka yati nyangu yapalku wawirri-parnta, kuyu-lku-pa kangu wawirriji. "He went back to the rock from where he now saw a man with the kangaroo; he was carrying the kangaroo, meat now. l-parnta laju = = edible grub (see wartingi) laka-mani = = to open something lakurru = (warlkurru) = jurnarrpa. Stone axe (see mayingka) lalki = = separate lama = = skinny (or lama-lama) lani = = frightened. Jingijingi pala parnkaja lani Minjinpa-ngurluju kakarrampayi pala parnkaja Maliki-jarra-kurra (Alicurung-kurra). 'The two (dogs) ran scared right through from Minjinpa east, the two ran to Ali Curung.' lani-mani = = to frighten someone, to scare someone. Kuja palangu lani-manu Minjinpa-wartingirli, 'The inhabitants of Minjinpa frightened the two (dogs).' lapa = (larrpa) = bone (see yungkurnu) lapaji = = kuyu, jurlaka. Parrot. laparrpa = = marna, ngurlu-parnta lapirrki = = cover up latji-latji = = messy hair liirlpari = = shiny, white, bright e.g.eyes of warlura (gecko) (see lirlki) lika = = gum oozing from trees, including wirrkali. Used as medicine. limi-limi = = lame linga = = cheek lingka = = snake linja = = smell, of meat cooking for instance linji = = dry (see liwiji) lirlki = = shiny, white, bright e.g. eyes of warlura (gecko) (see liirlpari) lirra = = mouth, lips. Lirra yati karlipa marterni wangkanjaku, miyi (kuyu) ngarninjaku. 'Mouths are what we have to talk with and eat food (meat) with.' Witangku yurapitirli karna kariti martani lirra-ngka. 'I'm a little rabbit holding a carrot in my mouth.' lirri-nyinami = = to sit everywhere, to be scattered. lirri-parnkami = = to run everywhere liwanja = = kuyu. Fish. liwiji = (liwirrji) = dry (see linji). Warujarrirla-ji ka liwiji jalyirrpa muku wanti walya-kurra, 'In the windy season dry leaves all fall to the ground.' liwiji-jarrimi = = to get dry. kapi marna kapi watiya liwiji-jarrimi. 'and grass and trees get dry.' lukarrara = = ngurlu. Seeds from low bush. luku = = heal lungkarta = = kuyu. Bluetongue lizard. lunju-yirrarni = = to heap things all up together lurnpa = = kuyu, jurlaka. Kingfisher. (Wru. lurnku) lurr-parami = = to put into something, e.g. a bag. Lurr-paraya-ria wawarta)! 'Put clothes on him (child)!' lutju = (lulju) = hide behind, as goanna hiding behind tree lutu = = lice luwarni = = to shoot something, to throw something at something. m-parnta maju = = bad makiti = = jurnarrpa. Gun, rifle. maliki = = dog malpa = = lap, thigh mampurunpa = = kuyu, jurlaka. small black bird about 5" tall. It tells people where to get kuyu when hunting. mangarli = = chest mangkaja = = bed, nest that kangaroo makes under spinifex mangkaji = = goanna's burrow. Kapi ka kirrapa kapi warna yukami mangkaji-ngi ngulyangka, partangarraku wirrkartuku. 'And goannas and snakes go into burrows and holes for a few months.' mani = = to take something, to get something. Pimirti kaji wangkami ngajuku: "Kurtu tampa manta warlunga." 'Aunty says to me: "Kid, get the damper from the fire.' Ngakakari karna mani. 'I'll get it next time.' manu nganpangu Jungarayi kapi Jupururlangku nyanjaku puwaku. 'Jungarayi and Jupururla took us to see the bore.' maninginji = (marnakiji, marnikiji) = miyi. Conkerberry, kangkaberry. Old people say it this way. Some people say maningkiji. (or marnukuju, marnungkuju) manngi-nyanyi = = to think about, to understand, to realise mantarrajirraji = = kuyu. Lizard. (or mantawajiwaji) manyamanya = = soft manyu = = laughing, fun. Yurapitiji ka many-karri jitjanga kankarlani ngurra nyanu-nyangurla. 'The rabbit is playing on the sandhill above his home.' Ngamirnirli manyu-ngku jukanana wita jijinga kangu. 'Uncle was carrying little cousin for fun on his shoulder.' maripa = = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu (or marripa, maripi?) maripi = = watiya, yukuju-parnta. Yellow flowers, low plant. marlatilpa = = miyi. Fruit, put into water, kneaded and eaten. marna = = grass, spinifex. Associated with yarrkurla. marnampi = = miyi. Long thin yam. marnturlka = = heart marrara = = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. marrawaji = = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. marrkirti = = miyi. Black fruit, like maninginji. martarni = (mardarni) = to have, to hold (or matarni or martani). Witangku yurapitirli karna kariti kartarni lirrangka. "I am a little rabbit holding a carrot in my mouth." Mulyu yati karlipa martarni parntinyanjaku kapi karlipa kurwarla mani. "The nose is what we smell with and what we get air with". martirtiji = (martirdiji) = elbow. martu = (mardu) = jurnarrpa. Water-carrier. Also ships and boats. maru = = black marukurru = = kuyu, jurlaka. Black bird with spots, about 8" tall; ?flock pigeon. mata = = tired, (same as palapala) mathikarri = (punku) = rubbish one (or majikarri ?) (same as pilyipilyi) maturtu = = watiya, wartingi-parnta mawu = = urine. ngajarni mawu "to urinate" mayingka = = jurnarrpa. Axe, mainly European axe, (see lakurru). Mayingka-rlu-rna manu ngarlu watiya-ngurlu. "I got sugarbag from the tree with an axe". mijarrku = = cool, cool time. Mijarrku ngulaka ngalpangku pirriyarlu yirrarni kapi ka kirrapa kapi warna yukami mangkajingi ngulyangka, partangarraku wirrkartuku. Ngaka ka turlpartimi ngula ka ngapa wiri wantimi nganayi, pirlpa-parnta. Kapi yapa kapi kuyu karlipa ngunami wantangka mijarrku-rlaji. "Winter time is when we get cold, and the goannas and snakes enter their holes and burrows, for several months. Later they emerge when the big rains fall, with lightning. And both people and animals, we lie in the sun in winter." mijiji = = white woman mikala = = grasshopper (see jintilyka) milkari = = blind milki = = showing, teaching milki-yinyi = = to show. Nyampinyalparla milki-yungu ngulya Jupururlaku. "Here he showed the soakage to Jupururla." milki-yirrarni = = to show. Milki-yirrarnu-lurla Jungarayi kapi Jupururlaku watiya ngulalpa ngunaja puwawi. "They showed Jungarayi and Jupururla the tree where the bore used to lie." milpa = = eye. Milpa yati karlipa martarni nyarjaku. 'Eyes are what we have to see with.' milya-pinyi = = to learn something, to know something mimi = = forehead mingkirri = = antbed minija = = kuyu. Cat. minini = = kuyu. Mouse. minja = = dry boil, scab. Nangala minja-parnta wirlinyanga. 'Nangala has a scab on her leg.' mintapa = = antbed minyirna = (minyana?) = ngurlu, watiya-warnu minyuwaji = = watiya, wartingi-parnta mirirti = = water found in trees (same as kunja) mirntilyi = = hip (or mirntilyki) mirntirti = (mirntirri) = woman's daughter's children, sister's daughter's children mirrinmirrinpa = = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. mirta = = jurnarrpa. Long narrow shield. mitjarlpa = = watiya miyaka = = miyi. Kurrajong bush and its fruit (see yimiyaka). miyi = = vegetable, non-meat food. Lirra yati karlipa martarni wangkanjaku, miyi (kuyu) ngarninjaku. 'Mouths are what we have to talk with and eat food (meat) with.' miyimi = = cousin's son (jukana-kurlangu kurlukurlu), son-in-law (for woman), mother-in-law (for man) mukarni-mani = = to make someone sweat. Kapi kangalpangu mukarni-mani ngayurrurlu. muku = = all, everyone muku-ngarni = = to eat something all up. Witangku yurapitirli karna kariti martarni lirrangka. Pajurnu-rna, pajurnu-rna, pajurnu-rna. Muku-ngarnu-rna. 'I am a little rabbit holding a carrot in my mouth. I bit it, I bit it, I bit it. I ate it all up.' muku-yani = = to all go, go away. "Nyarrpara panpiya ka muku-yani?" Paparti ka wangka "Mirra!" '"Where's the family all going?" Elder brother says: "I don't know!" mukuru = = miyi, watiya, ngarlu-parnta, wartingi-parnta. Like wakirlpirri. mula = = egg mulkunju = = marna. Associated with yarrkurla (see yipiri). mulyu = = nose. Mulyu yati karlipa martani parntinyanjaku kapi karlipa kuwarla mani. 'The nose is what we smell with and what we get air with.' mulgalyurru = = morning. Wantangkaji karlipa yukami yama-kurraji mungalyrru=juku. mungkurrmungkurrpa = = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. munju = = blunt munku = (miyalu) = stomach munma = = munma-juku 'wait a moment!' (or murnma?) mulkawarnu = = string bound around head for ceremonies (or murrkawarnu?) murluurrpa = = watiya wita, wartingi-parnta murluru = = maggot murra! = (karija) = I don't know (or mirra). "Nyarrpara panpya ka muku-yani?" Paparti ka wangka Mirra!" ' "Where's the family all going?" Elder brother says: "I don't know!" ' murrkarti = = hat murrumurru = = sick murtu = (mirdi) = knee muru = = full. muru kartak 'full billycan' muru-pinyi = = to swallow, to put clothes away in bag, to put someone at head of queue. Kamparruju muru-pungka! 'Put me in front!' mutja-mutja = (mulja-mulja) = leftover stuff, anything left over. Jupujupu yati mutjamutja-lku. 'This soup is leftover now.' muuju-muuju = = stupid. Jajaja karla wangjami jamirtiki: "Nyuntu muuju-muuju." Jamirti ka wangka: "Nyuntu-kula." 'Granny says to grandfather: "You're stupid." Grandfather says: "You too." ' n-parnta nutku = = watiya. Snappy gum (or nurrku). nuttapari = = swear word. Jintti nuttapari. ng - parnta ngajarni = = to excrete, to lay eggs (or ngajani). Timanarlu ka mawu ngajani. 'The horse is urinating.' ngaju = = I, me ngajunyangu = = mine, my ngaka = = later, Ngaka karnangku nyanyi. 'I'll see you later.' ngakakari = = a lot later, next time. Ngakakari karna mani. 'I'll get it next time.' ngakakari-ji pala yanu Maliki-jarra-kurralku, (Ali Curung-kurralku). 'Later, the two travelled to Ali Curung then.' ngalapi = = brother's children, children of man ngalyanu = = tongue ngalyipi = = miyi. Bush banana (see kirlipi, yuparli). ngalyula = = calf of leg ngamangurunngurunpa = = ngurlu ngamari = = miyi. Has sweet green and yellow beans, and grows on trees. ngamarti = (ngamardi) = mother, mother's sister (see ngati) ngami = = jurnarrpa. Wooden carrying-dish: trucks and cars. ngamirni = = uncle: mother's brother ngampurrarniwarnu = = from a long time nganayi = = what'sanama ngangkayi = = witch doctor (or ngangkayi-parnta) nganjawarli = = miyi. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. Bush tomato. Solanum sp. (see yakajirri, karrkarrkura, yipintirri). ngantajarri = = miyi ngapa = = water, rain ngapa yiriyiri = = rainy time. Ngapa yiriyiri-ji ngula ka ngapa wanti munga kari, munga kari, kapi parra kari, parra kari. Ngapa kujaka wanti munga kari, munga kari kapi parra kari, parra kari ngulaji ka yajarni wajirrki, marna, watiya kapi jintilyka, jurlaka-ku miyi ngarninjaku. 'In the rainy season rain falls night after night, day after day. When rain falls night after night, day after day, this causes the green to grow, grass, trees, and grasshoppers, food for birds.' ngapakulyukulyu = = watiya, ngapa-kurlangu ngapatarakitaraki = = yukuju-parnta. White flowers which are put into headbands for decoration. Found near water at Wycliffe, and Mariwan. ngapuju = = father's mother, father's mother's brother or sister (see yaparla; ngapuju is perhaps more common.) ngapuju-rlangu = = husband and wife ngapurlu = = breast ngari = = for fun. Wirlinyi karnalu yani ngari kuyu-kupurta. 'We're going hunting for fun, for meat.' ngarlaparaji = = kuyu, walpajirri-piya ngarlayi = = sugarbag, honey, jam, sugar (see ngarlu) ngarlu = = sugarbag, honey, jam, sugar (see ngarlayi) ngarlurrpa = (ngarlurrpu) = watiya, wartingi-parnta ngarna = groin ngarni = = to eat. Lirra yati karlipa martarni wangkanjaku, miyi (kuyu) ngarninjaku. 'Mouths are what we have to talk with and eat food (meat) with.' ngarntajarri = (ngarntajari) = watiya, miyi. Like jukurru, but tree is taller. Associated with Yinapaka. ngarnturlpa = = miyi. Found on pi jalampirrpa and marrawaji. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. ngarri = waiting for something ngarrirni = = to tell someone something, to tell someone off. Kulungku ngarrurnu karnta. 'He angrily told the woman off.' ngarrka = = man (see yapa) ngartarta = = kuyu. Freshwater crab. ngati = = mother, mother's sister (see ngamarti) ngatijirri = = kuyu, jurlaka. Budgerigar, (same as ngurruwaji, kumulyurru). ngawurru = = younger sister (see nyinya) ngayurru = = heat. Kapi kuja karlipa wantangka yani purtu-wangu wirlaji-ji ngalpangu jankami walyangku-ju. Kapi ka ngalpangu mukarni- mani ngayurru-rlu. 'And when we go into the sun without shoes, the ground burns our feet. And the heat makes us sweat.' ngayurru-puru 'hot weather' ngiji = = firestick (see kiji-yinjakurlku) ngijinkirri = = food stc. given as present to performers in ceremonies ngimpingimpi = = go on purpose to pick a fight. Kurtu yali yati yanurnu ngimpingimpi kulukupurta. 'That kid came her on purpose looking for a fight.' nginyinginyi = = brains ngirri = = protecting oneself, covering oneself in fight. Karntangku ngirringki manu karnta kari kulungka. 'The woman grabbed the other woman in a fight to protect herself.' ngukukari = = walk in a funny way (see warlapirtakari) ngulajuku = = O.K., all right ngulya = = burrow, holes in clothes, soakage. Mijarrku ngulaka-ngalpangku pirriyarlu yirrarni kapi ka kirrapa kapi warna yukami mangkajingi ngulya-ngka, partangarra-ku wirrkartu-ku. 'Cold weather is when we feel cold, and goannas and snakes go into their burrows and holes, for several months.' ngumparla = = hairstring, used in ceremonies, (see purturru, wirriji, yurru) ngunami = = to lie. Miliyirrarnulurla Jungarrayi kapi Jupururlaku watiya ngulalpa ngunaja puwawi. 'They showed Jungarrayi and Jupururla the tree where the bore used to lie.' Nyampuju ka wanta kankarlarra-rla ngunami. 'The sun's up' ngunju = = tobacco nguinju-ngunju = = white ochre ngunyarri = = mother-in-law (see kanajartu, kurtuju) (Wru. ngunyarri) ngurlu = = edible seeds; special type of dreaming ngurra = = camp. Nyurruwiyilpa nyinaja wijipalka yurapiti, parlku nyanu-nyangurla ngurra-ngka. walya punturlparirla. 'Once upon a time there was a thieving rabbit in his burrow, his camp, in the hillocky ground.' Parra karirlaji yarnkajarra wijikirlki papulanji-kurlangu-kurra ngurra-kurra. 'One day he set out for stealing, to the non-Aboriginal's camp.' ngurruwaji = (nguruwaji) = kuyu, jurlaka. Budgerigar, (same as ngatijirri, kumulyurru). nguru = = country, land. Nyampuju ngulalparlu nyinaja walpali kapi ngulalparlu yirrarnu yuwarli yapa-kurlangurla nguru-ngka. 'This is where the Europeans lived, and where they put up buildings on Aboriginal land.' ngutju = (ngurrju) = good. ngutju-mani yirti 'make words', ngutju-mani jaru 'make sentences' ny-parnta nyampu = = this nyana = (ngana) = who? nyanungu == he, the, the same. jirrama nyanungu-pia 'two things which are the same'; nyanungu-patu jirramakari kirramakari jurrpunkari' square: something with four sharp points the same' ; nyanungu-patu-parnta yirraka! 'Put it with a group of the same things! (i.e. classify it)' nyani = = to see something, to look at something; to look for something. Milpa yati karlipa martarni nyanjaku. 'Eyes are what we have to see with.' Jungajuku yinalingkiwi pina-parnkajarni watiya-kurra ngula jankarla pina-nyangu wawirriki. Walkurla nyangu. "True enough, the echidna ran back to the tree, from there he looked back for the kangaroo. He didn't see anything of him.' nyarlurtu = = kuyu. Like yutukuru. nyarrpa = = which. knayi nyarrpa-puntu 'to marry wrong-skin' nyarrpara = = where nyayi = = what? (see nyiya) Nyayi jintakari? 'What else?' nyili = = prickle (see jiri) nyinami = = to sit, to be, to stay. Nyampuju ngulalpariu nyinaja walpali, 'This is where the Europeans lived,' nyintirriyilpi = = ngurlu, watiya-warnu nyinya = = younger brother or sister (or nyiinya) (see kukurnu ngawurru) (wru. nyiinya) nyiya = = what? (see nyayi) nyurlunyurlu-mani = = to rub one's eyes. Wawirri yati jarta-janka yakarra-partija milpalku nyanu nyurlunyurlu-manu kapi warlulku nyangu. 'The kangaroo woke up from his sleep, rubbed his eyes, and saw the fire then.' nyurnu = = sick, dead nyurru = (nyurdu?) = kuyu, jurlaka. Bird, flies around at night. nyurruwiyi = = a long time ago, in the past. Nyurruwiyi Maliki-jarra pala wurna yarnkajarni karlarra-ngurlu tarnnga pala yarnkajarni kakarrapurta, 'In the old days, two dogs set out from the west, they went east for good.' Nyurruwiyi-lpa nyinaja wijipalka yurapiti, parlku nyanu-nyangurla ngurrangka, walya punturlparirla. 'Once upon a time there was a thieving rabbit in his burrow, his camp, in the hillocky ground.' nyuya = = jurnarrpa, papirta-kurlangu, parraja-kurlangu, martu-kurlangu, pirrkirninja-kurlangu. Scraping tool, used for scooping out inside of bush potato or for hollowing out coolamons p-parnta pajirni = = to cut something, to bite something. Ngamarti-nyanu palangu yarri parnkaja pajirninjaku. 'The mother (dog) ran towards the two (dogs) to bit them.' pakarli = = watiya, ngarlu-parnta. Paperbark tree. pakarni = = to hit someone or something. Taka yati karlipa martarni purranjaku, pakarninjaku. 'Hands are what we have to cook with and hit things with.' pakipaki = = jurnarrpa. Adze. palapala = = tired (also mata) palimi = = to die, to be dying, to be dead palka = = body. Kurlartangkulu luwarnu palka-ngkajuku 'They threw a spear and hit him in the body.' palka-jarrimi = = to be born. yangkurra palkajarrija Jungarrayi-kirlangu kurlukurlu. 'Jungarrayi's sister's child was born a few days ago.' palya = = spinifex wax, resin from spinifex palyupalyu = = kuyu. Bluetongue lizard. pama = = sugarbag, honey; alcohol pangirni = = to dig. Yruapitirli pangurnu taku pinjinga wijiki yinga yuka wajirrkiki, papulanji-kurlangurla papulurla. 'The rabbit dug a hole in the fence for stealing, so he could get into the non-Aboriginal's place.' panja = = side pantirni = = to poke something, to spear something panyapanya = (papardi) = elder brother, mother's older sister's sons, father's older brother's sons papingi = = watiya, miyi. Like jukurru, but smaller, (see jukurru, ngarntajarri). (Wru. ngarlurr) papirta = (paparda) = miyi. Yam. papulanji = = European, non-Aboriginal (see walypali) (Wru. papulanyi, papulanji) papulu = = house, building (see yuwarli). Possibly also includes surrounding garden area, as in Yurapitirli pangurnu taku pinjinga wijiki yinga yuka wajirrkiki, papulanji-kurlangurla papulu-rla. 'The rabbit dug a hole in the fence for stealing, so he could get into the non-Aboriginal's place.' parami = (purami) = to follow parlku = = hole dug for a purpose to contain something, cave, burrow, cooking-trench. Nyurruwiyilpa nyinaja wijipalka yurapiti, pariku nyanu-nyangurla ngurrangka, walya punturlparirla. 'Once upon a time there was a thieving rabbit in his burrow, his camp, in the hillocky ground.' parnkami = = to run, to move quickly parntarrimi = = to bend down parnti-nyanyi = = to smell something. Mulyu yati karlipa martarni parntinyanjaku kapi karlipa kuwarla mani. 'The nose is what we smell with and what we get air with.' parra = = day. Ngapa yiriyiri-ji ngula ka ngapa wanti munga kari, munga kari, kapi parra kari, parra kari. 'In the rainy season rain falls night and day.' Parra karirlaji yarnkajarra wijikilki, papulanji-kurlangu-kurra ngurra-kurra. 'One day he set out for stealing, to the non-Aboriginal's camp.' parraja = = jurnarrpa. Carrier, coolamon. parrarla = = nugurlu, marna-warnu. Seeds. parrawarluru = = puntu - ngurlu. Belonging to Napururla. parrkula-parrkula = = guts partangarra = = moon, month. kapi ka kirrapa kapi warna yukami mangkajingi ngulyangka, partangarra-ku wirrkartu-ku. 'And goannas and snakes go into their holes and burrows for several months.' patilpinpa = = ngurlu pawarra-mani = = to finish something pawu = = hair on limbs, animal fur payirni = = to ask someone something, or for something pijalampirrpa = = watiya pijara = = ear. Pijara yati karlipa martarni purtnayanjaku. 'Ears are what we have to hear with.' pijpijpa = = kuyu, jurlaka. Small blue bird. pikipiki = = kuyu. Pig. pikirri = = jurnarrpa. Spearthrower. pili = = jurnarrpa. Small scoop used for digging, or for cooking. (Wru. yimpili) pilkarra = = kuyu. Small, makes a magkaja (bed) under grass tussocks. (same as wartalyarri, yutukuru) pilyipilyi = = rubbish one (see mathikarri) pimirti = (pimirdi) = father's sister (or pimirtina). Ngaju-rna wirlinyi yanu pimirti-parnta. 'I went hunting with my aunty.' pini-wangu = (ngurrpa) = ignorant, not knowing something, not acquainted with something pina-yinyi = = to teach. Ngalipa-nyanu yapa-kurlangu pina-yinja-kurlangu 'Our Aboriginal teaching place i.e. Batchelor College' pingkirrpa = (pinkirrpa) = wing pingka = = slowly. Yinalingki yatilpa parnkaja pingka juku. 'The echidna kept running slowly.' pinja = = jurnarrpa. Stick used for putting on paint for yawulyu. pinji == fence pina = = back; recall, retrace, know. Jalangu-rna pina-yanu-nu [sic] nyuntuku. 'Yesterday I came back to you.' Wurnturu ngurly yatirla pina-nyangu yinalingkiki. 'From a distance he looked back for the echidna.' Jungajuku yinalingki-wi pina-parnkajarni watiya-kurra ngula jangkarla pina-nyangu wawirriki. Walkurla nyangu. Pina-yanu purly-kura. "True enough, the echidna ran back to the tree, from there he looked back for the kangaroo. He didn't see anything of him. He ran back to the rock.' Ngula pina-yukajarni ngurra nyanu-nyangu-kurra, kariti jintakarilki ngarnu. 'Then he went back into his camp and ate another carrot.' piriwa = = watiya, yukuju-partna, ngarlu-parnta. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu Black tree with yellow flowers. pirlarla = = ngulu, watiya-warnu pirlipirli = = mother's mother's father pirliya = (pirliyi?) = watiya wita, wartingi, parnta pirlpa = = lightning, (see wirnpa). Ngaka ka turlpartimi ngula ka ngapa wiri wantimi nganayi, pirlpa-parnta. 'Later they (goannas and snakes) emerge when the big rains fall, with lightning. pirntipirni = = bank, side pirr-partimi = = to wait for someone pirriya = = cold, Mijarrku ngulaka ngalpangku pirriya-rlu yirrarni, 'In winter we feel cold.' AN pirrkirni = = to trim, scrape something pirtaparnta = (pirda) = full up, sated puka = = rotten pukalangi = = watiya, ngurlu-parnta. Small bush. puliki = (puluku) = kuyu. Bullock, cow Wru. puliki) pulka = (purlka) = old person (Wru.pulka) pulyurrulyurru = = red, (see tiri-tiri). (Wru. pulyurrulyurru) puntapunta yirrarni = = to take something away puntarni = = to take something away from someone. Puntaka-rla 'Take it away from him.' puntaru = = kuyu. ?Quail (same as purrulyka ?). puntu = = subsection, also said of ngurlu dreaming punturlpari = (purntunypari) = bumpy, hillocky (or purnturlpari ?). Nyurruwiyilpa nyinaja wijipalka yurapiti, parlku nyanu-nyangurla ngurrangka, walya punturlpari-rla. 'Once upon a time there was a thieving rabbit in his burrow, his camp, in the hillocky ground.' purlami = = to sing out, to call out purlarantarri = (purlurntari?) = watiya, miyi-parnta. Fruit white, like an apple. purlpalangi = (purrpalangi?) = miyi. Like kirlipi. purlu = (pirli) = stone, hill, money, grinding-stone purluwanti = = kuyu. (Same as warrkirli?). purntu = = warm. purrami = = to cook something. Yali-jangka-rna kirrapa-jarra purraja ngarninjaku. 'After this I cooked two goannas to eat.' purrputuru = = miyi. Root vegetable, found in creeks. Found at Ngunulurru, Yinapaka, Muckaty. purrutu = (purrurdu) = jurnarrpa. Axehandle. purtanyanyi = (purdanyanyi) = to hear, understand. Pijara yati karlipa martarni purtanyanjaku. 'Ears are what we have to hear with.' purtu = = shoe, boot (or puurtu) purtujurtu = = kuyu. Big, like wawirri. purturru = (purdurru) = hairstring (see ngumparla, wirriji, yurru) purumpuru = = miyi. Plant, waterlily. puta-ngarni = = to eat part of something, not all of it puwa = = bore r-parnta raa-pinyi = = to uncover, pull aside. Raapungka-rla! 'Uncover it (e.g. baby's face to wake it)' ramarama = = mad (see warungka) rampaku = = weak rarl-karrimi = = to have snot. Kunturlpa ka rarl-karri. 'He has a runny nose.' rarlpari = = snotty, when one has a runny nose rukurru = = interrupt, jumping out from nowhere. Ngarrka-jarra-pala-nyanu kulungku ngarrurnu, karnta jinta-jana kurntawangu kutu rukurra-jarrija. 'The two men were telling each other off angrily, one woman just butted in on them with no shame.' rurrpa = = open, hollow, e.g. open can, door, cave. Watiya rurrpa ka walyanga ngunami. 'A hollow log is lying on the ground.' t-parnta taji-taji = = thin dancing sticks used by women in ceremonies (Wru taji-taji) taka = (rdaka) = hand (Wru. takka). Taka yati karlipa martarni purran jaku, pakarninjaku. 'Hands are what we have to cook with and hit things with.' taku = (rdaku) = hole. Yurapitirli pangurnu taku pinjinga wijiki yinga yuka wajirrkiki, papulanji-kurlangurla papulu-rla. 'The rabbit dug a hole in the fence for stealing, so he could get in the non-Aboriginal's place.' talyku = (rdalyku) = big stick, log tami-tami = = watiya, ngarl-parnta tangkila = = kuyu. Freshwater mussel. (Wru. tangkila) tapa-tapa = = run around everywhere looking for something, e.g. child. Jangala ka tapatapa-parnkami pamakupurta. 'Jangala's running around everywhere after grog.' tarnnga = = for good, forever. Nyurruwiyi Maliki-jarra pala wurna yarnkajarni karlarra-ngurlu tarnnga pala yarnkajarni kakarrapurta. 'In the old days, two dogs set out from west, they went this way east for good.' tarru = rdarri = raw. (Wru. taarru) tarta-yani = = to sit down. Tarta-yanti! 'Sit down!' tartaji = = miyi. Bush peanut. (Wru. tartaji) tarti-martarni = = to hold something, e.g. ball. baby tartu = = when one slows down tika = = fat (Wru. tiika, [sic] tika) timana = = horse (Wru. timana) tipimi = (rdipimi) = to come out of bushes, arrive, come forward. Yapa kalu panu kalkurnupurta tipimi murtika-parnta. 'Amob of people are coming this way with a car.' tiri-tiri = = red (see pulyurrulyurru) tirri-yinyi = (rdirri-yinyi) = to start, begin. warna pala tirri-yumgurnu kakarrampayiji, 'two snakes started this way east,' tiya-tiya = (tiyitiyi) = kuyu, jurlaka. Magpie lark, Murray magpie, peewee. (Wru. tiya-tiya) tukulku = = hollow, depression tupa = (rdupa) = windbreak turl-partimi = (rduul-pardimi) = to emerge from the ground, as goannas from burrows. Ngaka ka turl-partimi ngula ka ngapa wiri wantimi nganayi, pirlpa-parnta. 'Later they emerge when the big rains fall, with lightning.' turlkami = = to pinch someone. Kurtujarrangu kapalnyanu kulungu turlkami. 'The two kids are pinching each other in a fight.' turlkurr! = = bang! turlunypari = = doubled-back, like tongue when making a retroflex sound (a sound written with an 'r', like 'rt', 'rl' and 'rn' in wartawarta warlu, warna) w-parnta wajawaja-mani = = to lose something, to forget something. Kirtanangu makiti wajawaja-manu. 'Father forgot his rifle.' wajili = = running, racing, chasing wajili-parnkami = to run a race" wajirrki = = green, vegetables (especially European introduced vegetables). Yurapitirli pangurnu taku pinjinga wijiki yinga yuka wajirrki-ki, papulanji-kurlangurla papulu-rla. 'The rabbit dug a hole in the fence for stealing, so he could get into the non-Aboriginal's place.' Wijngi ka ngarni wajirrki, kariti papulanji-kurlangu. 'Thievingly, he eats the vegetables, the non-Aboriginal's carrots.' wakarti = (wakati) = ngurlu, marna-warnu. wakirlpirri = = watiya wartingi-parnta, miyi. Bush bean. wakirti = (wakirdi) = close, half (as in half-brother), light, easy, as wakirti Warlpiri Warlpiri spoken at Ali Curung, Willowra and Kunayungku. (see wakirti, jartirrpanu, warrmarla) waku = = arm wakulyarri = = kuyu. Rock-wallaby. (Wru. yukulyarri) wakurlu = head hair wakurturtu = (wakurturdu) = loud, fast, 'trying hard', using a lot of energy to do something (see yaruju, kitji) wakuwarlpa = = miyi. Fruit, put into water, kneaded and eaten (see yaaki). walpajirri = = kuyu. Bilby, rabbit-eared bandicoot. walu = = a hair on head walya = - ground, dirt. Nyurruwiyilpa nyinaja wijipalka yurapiti, parlku nyanu-nyangurla ngurranga, walya punturlparirla. 'Once upon a time there was a thieving rabbit in his burrow, his camp, in the hillocky ground.' walyawalya = = brown walyirlpi = (walyilpi) = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. walyka = = cool walypali = = non-Aboriginal (or walpali) (see papulanji) wampana = = kuyu. Marna kapi kitkitpa ka ngarni. 'It eats grass and a vegetable like a carrot.' wanakiji = = miyi, nganjawarli wangala = = deaf (see warungka) wangkami = = to talk, speak; to blow (of wind). Lirra yati karlipa martarni wangkanjaku, miyi, (kuyu) ngarninjaku. 'Mouths are what we have to talk with and eat food (meat) with.' Warujarriji kujaka kuwarla wangkami kakarrarni, kurlani, yatijarni kapi karlarni. 'Windy-time is when the wind blows east, south north and west.' wangkirna = (wangarla) = ngarninjawangu, jurlaka, Crow. waninja = = throat. Waninja ka wangkami. 'He's whispering.' wankili = = cousin: child of ngamirni, pimirti (see jukana) (Wru. wankili) wanta = = sun. Wantangka 'hot season'. Wantangkaji karlipa yukami yama kurraji mungalyurru-juku. Nyinami karlipa tarnga-juku yamangka-juku. Yama-ngurlu-ju karlipa ngaka wanta yukana partimi. Kapi kuja karlipa wanta-ngka yani purtu-wangu wirlaji-ji ngalpangu jankami walyangku-ju. Kapi ka ngalpangu mukarni mani ngayuyyurlu. 'In summer we go into the shade in the morning even. We sit all the time in the shade. We only leave the shade when the sun sets. And if we go out without shoes the ground burns our feet, and the beat makes us exhausted.' Nyampuju ka wanta kankarlarra-rla ngunami. 'The sun's up'. wanta yukanya = = sunset. Yama-ngurlu-ju karlipa ngaka wanta yukanya partimi. 'We leave the shade only at sunset.' wantikirli = = white (sp.?) wantimi = = to fall, to die wantirri = = mother's mother's mother (or wantirrina, wantiyina) wanukurtu = (wanukurdu) = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. wanungkuru = = ngurlu. Seeds from low plant. Misspelling of warnungkurlu? wapami = = to move around, about waparlku = = not paying attention, not noticing something, not knowing about something wapirra = = father, child of man wapurnungku = = watiya. ngarlu-parnta, yukuju-parnta. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. Ghost gum waringarli = (Waringarri) = waringarli Warlpiri 'hard Warlpiri such as is spoken west of Tennant Creek' (see wakirti, jartirrpanu, warrmarla) warlapirti = = calf, leg. warlapirti-kari 'walk in a funny way' (see ngukukari) warlatja = warlalja = own, belongings warlka = = lie warlpa = = wind (see kuwarla) warlu = = fire, firewood warlura = = ngarninja-wangu, jukurrpa, milpa liirlpari. Gecko. warna = = kuyu. Any snake. warntawarnta = = crossways, crossbatching warnturunpa = = watiya, wartingi-parnta warnungkurlu = = ngurlu-parnta, ngarninja-kurlangu, marna. Associated with yipiri. Misspelling of wanunkuru? warrangkarli = = miyi warraparnu = = kuyu, Yarnkirri-kirlangu-wartingi. Big bluetongue lizard, red-coloured. warrikirtikirti = (warrikirdikirdi) = around, round, circle shape warringiyi = = father's father, father's father's brother or sister (see kangkuya) warrkirli = = kuyu (Same as purluwanti?) warrmarla = = warrmarla Warlpiri 'hard Warlpiri such as is sppoken at Lajamanu' (see wakirti, jartirrpanu, waringarli) wartalyarri = = kuyu. Small, makes a mangkaja (bed) under grass tussocks, (same as yutukuru, pilkarra). Dreaming. wartaranji = = kuyu. Sand-frog wartawarta = = keeping out of sight wartiji = (wardiji) = watiya. Mulga. wartingi = = witchetty grub (see laju) (wardinyi) = happy warujarri = = windy-time. Warujarri-ji kujaka kuwarla wangami kaarrarni, kurlarni, yatijarni kapi karlarni, warujarrirla-ji ka liwiji jalyirrpa muku wanti walya-kurra kapi marna kapi watiya liwiji-jarrimi. 'Windy-time is when the wind blows east, south, north and west, in winter the dry leaves all fall to the ground and the spinifex and trees go dry.' warungka = = deaf, mad (see wangala) watarti = = pregnant watiya = = tree, stick wawarta = = (jijina) = clothes. (Wru. wawarta) wawirri = = kuyu. Kangaroo. wayini = (warirni) to tie up something wayirni = (warrirni) to look around for wiirnwiirnpa = (wiinywiinypa) = kuyu, jurlaka, ngappa-wartingi. White bird." "Wakirti Warlpiri: Draft 4: 19/11/85 wijaraki = = miyi. Root vegetable growing in creeks wiji = = thieving. Parra karirlaji yarnkajarra wijiki-lki papulanji-kurlangu-kurra ngurra-kurra. "One day he set out for stealing, to the non-Aboriginal's camp." Wiji-ngi ka ngarni wajirrki, kariti papulanji-kurlangu. Yurapitirli ka kanyi wiji-ngi kariti ngurra-kurra. Yurapitiji ka nguna jartalku wiji-jangkaji. "Thievingly, he eats the vegetables, the non-Aboriginal's carrots. Thievingly, the rabbit carries carrots back to his camp. The rabbit lies asleep after his thieving." wijini = = sore wijipalka = = thief wijipartu = = mouse (Wru. wijipartu) wilypiri = = hollow of tree wilypirr-mani = (wilypi-mani) = to gut an animal. Junma-parnta-rna kirripa-kurlangu munku pajunu kuna wilypirr-manjaku [sic]. "I cut the goanna's stomach with a knife and gutted it." wingki = = greedy wiri = = big wiringkirri = = jurnarrpa. Spindle for spinning hairstring. wirli = = tendon, vein wirlinyi = = hunting wirlirri = (wilyiri) = miyi. Like yakirratu. wirliya = = foot, footprint wirliyapurlanjaki = = ngurlu wirlki = = boomerang; cheek wiruinwirninpa = (wirninywirninyps) = watiya. ngapa-kurlangu wirnma = = repeating, wirnma wangkajarra "He kept on talking." wirnpa = = lightning (see pirlpa) wirriji = = hairstring belt (see nyumparla, purturru, wirriji, yurru) wirriya = = boy wirrkali = = watiya ngarlu-parnta, yukuju-parnta, kanta-parnta, ngapa-kurlangu, lika-parnta. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka. N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. Bloodwood. wirrkartu = (wirrkardu) = a few, several; three (or wirrkatu, or wirrkati) wirrkatukari-wirrkatukari = = six. wirrkatukari-wirrkatukari-jinta 'seven', wirrkartukari-wirrkartukari-jirrama 'eight', wirrkatukari-wirrkatukari-wirrkatukari 'nine', wirrkatukari-wirrkatukari-wirrkatukari-jinta 'ten' wirrpinyaru = = watiya, ngarlu-parnta. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. wita = = little, small witawangu = = not small, large. yanu papala wurrturulku nguru wita-wangu-rla, 'the two travelled a long way now, in a big country,' wularna = = kuyu. Like a wampana. Solid, has a long tail and lives in a ngulya (burrow). wulpayi = = creek (see karlampi) wungu = = together wunta = (yunta) = windbreak (see tupa) wupa = (yipa) = ashes for tobacco wurna = = travelling. Nyampuju kapalangu yuwat-pakarni nguru Minjinpa ngurlu, yapakari-jarra, wurna-jangka-jarra. 'They hunted the two away from the country Minjinpa, two others, two travellers.' wurnturu = = long way. Wurnturu-ngurlu yatirla pina-nyangu yinalingkiki kapi marnalkurlpa ngarnu ngulajangka yati jarta-wantija. 'From a distance he looked back for the echidna, and then ate some grass, and after that fell asleep.' yanu papala wurnturu-lku nguru wita-wangurla, 'the two travelled a long way now, in a big country.' wurnturu-jarrimi = = to become a long way off. Kaya! Wurnturu-jarriya, kurtu a jarta ngunami. 'Look out! Go further away, the child is sleeping.' wurrpati = (warrpardi) = watiya, miyi-parnta. Used for making spears. wurrupuru = = hot weather (see ngayurru) wurtungarnu = = kuyu, jurlaka. Big black bird like an eaglehawk. y-parnta yaaki = (yawakiyi) = miyi. Like marnungkuju (also yaki). yajarni = = to ask someone to come. Ngapa kujaka wanti munga kari. munga kari kapi parra kari, parra kari ngulaji ka yajarni wajirrki, marna, watiya kapi jintilyka, jurlaka-ku miyi ngarninjaku. 'When rain falls day and night, then it causes the appearance of greenery, grass, trees and grasshoppers, food for birds to eat.' yakajirri = = miyi. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. Solanum sp., bush currant (see nganjawarli, karrkarrkura, yipintirri) yakarra = = awake yakarra-partimi = = to wake up. Wawirri yati jarta jangka yakarra-partija milpalku nyanu nyurlunyurlu-manu kapi warlulku nyangu. 'The kangaroo woke up from his sleep, rubbed his eyes, and saw the fire then.' yakarrayi! = = exclamation as when a stick pokes one yakirratu = (yakirrardu) = miyi. Like papirta, (see wilyirri). yalyu = = blood yama = = shade. Wantangkaji karlipa yukami yama-kurraji mungalyurru-juku. 'In summer we go into the shade in the morning.' Nyinami karlipa tarnga-juku yama-ngka-juku. Yama-ngurlu-ju karlipa ngaka wanta yukanya partimi. 'We sit all the time in the shade. We leave the shade only at sunset.' yamangayiwarna = = kuyu. Yellow coloured. yamari = = kuyu. Small, about 2' tall. yampimi = = to leave something yampirri = = single men's camp yangkurra = = yesterday, the other day yangurlu = = alone yani = = to go yanku = = quiet, gentle yapa = = person yapajayi! = = exclamation as when a stick pokes one yapakari = = another person; different. Nyayi yapakariji? 'Which is different? (of set of objects, one of which does not fall into same class as the others) yaparla = = father's mother (see ngapuju) yarla = = miyi. Bush potato (see papirta). Yarlilykarlilyki = (ngarlirlkarlirlki, yarlirlkarlirlki) = ngurrjumaninja-kurlangu, ngarninja-wangu. Like an onion, grows in floodout (or arlilykarlilyki). yarlu = = out in the open yarnkami = = to set out. Nyurruwiyi Maliki-jarra pala wurna yarnkajarni karlarra-ngurlu tarnnga pala yarnkajarni kakarrapurta. 'In the old days, two dogs set out from west, they went this way east for good.' Parra karirlaji yarnkajarra wijikirlki, papulanji-kurlangu-kurra ngurra-kurra. 'One day he set out for stealing, to the non-Aboriginal's camp.' yarnkirri = (yankirri) = kuyu. Emu (see karnanganja). yarnunjuku = = hungry. Wawirrilpa ngarnu marna yarnunjuku-rlu "The kangaroo ate the grass hungrily." yarrajipayu = = ngurlu, marna-warnu yarralyuku = = watiya. Jukurrpa N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu. yarri = = towards. ngamarti-nyanu palangu yarri parnkaja pajirninjaku. "The mother (dog) ran towards the two (dogs) to bite them." yarrijiji = = kuyu, kutangu-piya, wiri yarrkurla = = ngurrjumaninja-kurlangu. Spinifex wax found in antbeds. yarrukurlu = = kuyu. Lives in ngulya (burrow) : (same as kunalirrpi, jarralyujarralyu) yarta = = magic. Kinkingi jajaja kapakapa-manu yunparnjarla yarta-parnta. "A devil confused granny by singing her with magic." yartuyunyu = = kuyu. Winged insect that lives inside termite mounds. yaruju = = quickly, done in haste as opposed to effort. (see wakurturtu) yatijarra = = north yawulyu = = design used by women, women's dance, song yawuru = = when someone is satisfied with payback (opp. jumati) yaya = = elder sister (baby-talk) (see kapurlu) yaya = = saliva, spit that dribbles from mouth, as dog's saliva yilara = = flash yilima = = liver yilkajirri = (marlpa) = company, companionship yimarimari = = kuyu yimi = = language (see jaru) yimiyaka = =puntu - ngurlu N/Japanangka, N/Japangarti, N/Jungarrayi, N/Japaljari-kurlangu (see miyaka). yinalingki = (yingarlingi) = kuyu. Echidna. yinirnti = = watiya. [?] . Red[?] seeds[?] are strung together and worn in ceremonies. yintimi = (wirntimi) = to dance, of women (or yirntimi)[?] yipintirri = (yipirntiri) = miyi. Like yakajirri, (see nganjawarli, karrkarrkura, yakajirri). yipiri = = marna. Associated with yarrkurla and warnungkurlu, (see mulkunju). yirrarni = = to put something into/onto something, to write something. Puwa nyampuju ngulalu yirrarnu ngulalparnarlu nyinaja Karntulparlawi 'This bore was sunk when we were living at Karntulpa.' Mijarrku ngulaka ngalpangku pirriyarlu yirrarni, 'In winter we feel cold.' Nyampuju ngulalparlu nyinaja walpali kapi ngulalparlu yirrarnu yuwarli yapa kurlangurla ngurungka. 'This is where the Europeans lived, and where they put up buildings on Aboriginal land.' Nyanungu-patu-parnta yirraka! 'Put it with a group of the same things! (i.e. classify it)' yirrirlparri = = watiya, wartingi-parnta ( or ? yirrirlpari) yirtaji = = kuyu. Like yutukurru. yirti = (yirdi) = name, word. manyu-kurlangu yirti 'word-games', yirti pina-nyanjaku 'sight-words' yitawaji = = ngurlu, marna-warnu yitjili = (yiljili) = nail (finger or toe) yiyikilyi-pakarni = = to dig oneself in. Wartaranji ka yiyikilyi-pakarni walyangka. 'The sandfrog is digging itself into the sand.' yujuku = = humpy yukalyi = = white ants yukami = = to enter, go into something. Wantangkaji karlipa yukami yama-kurraji mungalyurru-juku. 'In summer we go into the shade in the morning.' Kapi ka kirrapa kapi warna yukami mangkajingi ngulyangka, partangarraku wirrkartuku. 'And goannas and snakes go into their burrows and holes for a couple of months.' Yama-ngurlu-ju karlipa ngaka warta yukanya partimi. 'We leave the shade only at sunset.' Yurapitirli pangurna taku pinjinga wijiki yinga yuka wajirrki-ki, papulanji-kurlangurla papulu-rla. 'The rabbit dug a hole in the fence for stealing, so he could get into the non-Aboriginal's place.' Ngula pina yukajarni ngurra nyanu-nyangu-kurra, kariti jintakarilki ngarnu. 'Then he went back into his camp and ate another carrot.' yukuju = (yurrkulju) = gumnut, gum flower, blossom yukurtukurtu = = flat stick used by women in initiation ceremonies to strike young man along chin for beard. yulampi = (wirlampi) = jurnurrpa. Stone knife ( see junma[?]). yuluputaji = = kuyu. Same as kanakarlumpayi. yulykulyu = (yurlkulyu) = vomit (or yulykuju ) yungkurnu = = bone ( see lapa) yunparni = = to sing. Yurapitirli ka yunparni jarta-kungarntirli. Yunparnu-lku kuja! 'The rabbit sings before sleep. He sang like this!' yuparli = = miyi. Bush banana (see kirlipi, purlpalangi). yurapiti = = kuyu. Rabbit. yurlpa = = red ochre yurru = = hairstring (see nyumparla, wirriji, purturru) yurrunyunku = (?yurrunyu) = ngurlu-parnta yurrurluju = = kuyu, kutangu-piya yurtuyurtu = = orders yurutu = road yutukuru = = kuyu. Small, makes a mangkaja (bed) under grass tussocks; (same as pilkarra, wartalyarri). yuwarli = = house, (see papulu) yuwat-pakarni = = to chase away, to hunt away. Nyampuju kapalangu yuwat-pakarni nguru Minjinpa ngurlu, yapakari-jarra, wurnajangka-jarra. 'They hunted the two away from the country Minjinpa, two others, two travellers.' yuwayi! = = yes"