Warlpiri karna Yirrarni I can write Walpiri Josiah Puku 2 Nyampuju kuruwarri kujurnu Paddy Nelson Jupurrurlarlu The Warlpiri alphabet uses only 15 of the English letters to write all the sounds in the Warlpiri language. The letters used are: a, i, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, t, u, w, y, ng, rd. The letter g is only used with n to make ng as in ngapa (water). The letter d is only used with r to make rd as in radaka (hand). The other letters (b, c, d, e, f, h, o, q, s, v, x, z,) are not used at all. There are many more than fifteen sounds in Warlpiri. The other sounds are made by combining letters together to write one sound. The other sounds are: ny, ly, rr, nj, nt, mp, ngk, rl, rn, rnt, ngk. This way of writing Warlpiri was worked out by Lothar Jagst, Paddy Patrick Jangala and Maurice Luther Jupurrula at Lajamanu in the late 60's and 70's. The way of writing the sounds of a language is called orthography. We are lucky that this Warlpiri orthogrpahy has been accepted in all Warlpiri communities. Some Warlpiri sounds are in between two English sounds. The Warlpiri p sound is in between English p and b sounds. The Walpiri k sound is in between English k and g sounds. The Warlpiri t sound is in between English t and d sounds. The men at Lajamanu chose to use p and t instead of b and d because yound children often get b and d mixed up. They chose k instead of g, because g is already used to write the ng sound and the ngk sound would look awkward if it was written ngg. a i u There are only three vowels in Warlpiri. a says ar as in car, or u as in cup. e.g. yapa i says i as in sing, or ee as in see. e.g. miyi u says u as in pull, or oo as in pool. e.g. kuyu a = ar i = ee u = oo Sometimes you hear an "ay" sound as in Yuwayi (yes). This is written ayi. Sometimes yu hear an O sound as in kilwawu (sand lizard). This is written awu. Write the last sound, a, i, or u, to finish the word. a = ar i = ee u = oo a / i / u kutur.. parraj.. wirlk... jungunyp.. kurdij.. kuy.. warn... muly... jintilyk.. jir... Put in the missing letter a, i, u. k_rnta w_ti k_rdu w_rna m_ngkirr y_juku p_luku w_rlu p_kirri Breaking words into syllables. All words are made up of syllables. When you say a word slowly and try to break it up into separate sounds, each separate sound that you can say is a syllable. For example if you say maliki slowly and break it up into separate sounds, ma - li - ki you can hear that maliki has three syllables. Can you break these words into syllables bu putting a stroke between each syllable. The first three have been done for you. pa/rra/ja ku/rdi/ji ku/tu/ru pirli yirnarlinhi rdaka wirriya nyalali yuwarli nyapa All words are made up of syllables. The first syllables you will learn are ja, ji, and ju. The letter j is used to cover all these sounds, ch, ty, dy, and j. Read the words on the next four pages. If you don't know what a word means, look it up in the Waripiri / English dictionary. If you can't work out how to say a word, ask some- one in your class who has learned to read Warlpiri. Remember a = ar, l = ee, u = oo. So ja will sound like jar ji will sound like jee ju will sound like joo. jaja (grand-mother) will sound like jar-jar. juju (devil) will sound like joo-joo. jija (sister or shoulders) will sound like jee-jar. (The Warlpiri sound that we write using the letter j, is said with the tip of the tongue touching the back of the bottom teeth.) j a i u ja jamana ji jintilyka ju jungunypa ja ja ju ju jaja juju ji ja jija ji ji ji jijiji ju ju ju jujuju ja ji jaji ja ji ju ju jaji juju ji ji ji ji ja jijiji jija ja ja ju ju ju jaja jujuju Jalanguju Draw a line from the syllable to the word that begins with that sound. ja jurlpu ji japu-japu ju jimanta ja ji ju Put a ring around ja, ji, ju. Draw a picture about the sentence. Kurdu-jurra kapala yani jurlpuku jilingi-kirl Write a sentence. (Yimi yirraka) Jalanguju Write in the first syllable, ja, ji, or ju, at the beginning of the word. Remember ja says jar and ju says joo. ja ji ju ...ijiji ...rdu ...rda ...purta ..kujuku ..ntilyka Jalanguju Write in the first syllable, ja, ji, or ju, at the beginning of the word. jiyiki ..mpita ..rlji ..njirla ..pilyaku ..ri ..ngunypa ..rnarrpa ..ngarnka Jalanguju Write in the first syllable, ja, ji, or ju, at the beginning of the word. ja ji ju ..rru ..manta ..mana Read and draw. Circle ju. ju Jupurru ka yukami yujuku-kurra. Write a sentence about the picture Jangala Yuwarl Read and draw. jija juju jujuju Jalanguju Read and draw. Circle ja, ji, ju. japurta jiyiki jurdu Write in the last syllable. ja ji ju parra.. pu.. kurdi.. Put a ring around ja, ji, ju. Draw a picture about the sentence. (Pija yirraka.) Jajangku ka pajirni kuyu junmangka Write a scentence. (Yimi yirraka) Jalanguju Write the word. If you don't know what to write, turn back to pages 8 and 9 and read the words again. Jalanguju Write the words. (Yirdi-wati yirraka.) ja ji ju Jalanguju Read the first sentence. jaji Jagi-nyarnurlu ka kurdu kanyi jiganka Can you write sentences about jaja and juju? jaja juju The next three syllables you will learn are ma, mi, and mu. The m sound in Warlpiri is the same as the m sound in English. Read the words on the next five pages. If you don't know what a word means it may be a word which is not used in your community. Try looking it up in the short word list at the back of the book. If it is not there you will have to find it in the Warlpiri/English dictionary. If you can't work out how to say any of the words, ask someone who has learned to read Warlpiri. Remember a = ar, i = ee, u = oo. So ma = mar, mi = mee, mu = moo maju (bad) will sound like mar-joo mimi (forehead, mother-in-law) will sound like mee-mee. m-a m-i m-u ma marlu mi mirnirri mu mukarti a i u ma mi mu ja ji ju ma ma mama mi mi mimi ma ju maju ja ma jama ma ju ma ju maju-maju ma ji ji majiji mi ji miji mi ji ji mijiji mu ju muju ma ma mama mi mi mimi ma ju maju ja ma jjama mi ji miji mi ji ji mijiji ma ji ji majiji Jalanguju Draw a line from the syllable to the word that begins with that sound. Yirraka jilipurlu-ngurlu yirdi-kirra. ma ja mi ji mu ju jijiji jamana marna mukarti junma mingkirri ji Read and draw. Pija yirraka. Jijangku ka pantirni kurdu winini-kirli. Write a sentence. (Yimi yirraka.) Jalanguju How does the word start? Write the first syllable. Nyiya-ngurlu kalu wangkami? Yirraka jilipurlu. a j i u a m i u ..ngunypa ..ngkirri ..rlu ..karti ..lanypa ..liki ..mana ..yi ..lyu ..rdi ..junyku ..lpa Jalanguju Draw a line from the word to the picture. (Yirraka yirdi-ngirli pija-kurra.) jujuju maju majiji miyi jajiji Put in the first syllable. (Jilipurlu yirraka.) ja ji ju ma mi mu ..karti ..rlji ..rna ..ntilyka ..nukirri ..rlu Draw a picture. (Pija yirraka.) Jaja ka nyinami watiyarla. Jalanguju Read and draw. Put a ring around ma, mi, mu. (Riirti-manta, pija yirraka. Warru-kirdi-kirdi yirraka ma, mi, mu. ma, mi, mu. marnikiji miyi mukaki Put in the last syllable. (Yirraka nyiya-kurlu jilipurluju.) ma mi mu ja ji ju mini.. jun.. mul.. ku.. kurdi.. nyina.. Write a sentence. (Yimi yirraka.) Jalanguju Write the words. If you don't know what word to write, go back and read pages 22 to 25 again. (Yirdi-wati yirraka.) ja ji ju ma mi mu Fill in the spaces to complete the syllable pattern. (Jilipurlu-wati yirraka jungarnirli.) a i u j ja ji m m mu Write the words. (Yirdi-wati yirraka.) ma mi mu Draw a picture about the sentence. (Pija yirraka nyampu yimi-kirli.) Marlu-jarra kapala parnkami mulju-kurr Write a sentence for the picture. (Yimi yirraka nyampu pijaku.) The next three syllables you will learn are pa, pi, and pu. The letter p in Warlpiri is used to cover all these sounds, b, f, and v. The letters p, f, and v are not used for writing Warlpiri. Read the words on the next five pages. If you don't know what a word means it may be a word which is not used in your community. Try looking it up in the short word list at the back of the book. If it is not there you will have to find it in the Warlpiri/English dictionary. If you can't work out how to say any of the words, ask someone who has learned to read Walpiri. Remember a = ar, i = ee, u = oo. So pa = par, pi = pee, pu = poo pama (sweet food) will sound like par-mar. puju (wart, lump on tree) will sound like poo-joo. The Warlpiri sound that we write using the letter p, is in between the English p and b sounds. It is not usually aspirated, that means that no wind comes out of the mouth as it is said. p - a p - i p - u pa parraja pi pirli pu purlka a i u pa pi pu ma mi mu ja ji ju pi pa pipa pa pa papa pi pi pipi pa ma pama pu ju puju pa pi mi papimi ja pu-ja pu japu-japu ju pu jupu ju pu-ju pu jupu-jupu ja pi japi Awa palya pi japi ja pija-pija pu ja puja pa pa papa pi pa pipa pa ma pama pu ju puju pa pi mi papimi ja pu- ja pu japu-japu ju pu- ju pu jupu-jupu pi ja- pi ja pija-pija Jalanguju Read and draw. Put a ring around pa, pi, pu. (Riirti-manta, pija yirraka. Warru-kirdi-kirdi yirraka pa, pi, pu) pa pi pu parraja pirli purlka How does the word start? (Nylya-ngurlu kalu wangkami?) pa pi pu ma mi mu ..rlu ..nta-pinta ..lpa ..rla ..luku ..rntu ..rloirrp Write a sentence. (Yimi yirraka.) Jalanguju Draw a line from the syllable to the word that begins with that sound. pa ma pi mi pu mu Write the words. (yirdi-wati yirraka.) Read and draw. Put a ring around pa, pi, pu. (Rirti-manta, pija yirraka. Warru-kirdi-kirdi yirraka pa, pi, pu.) Kurdungku ka pakarni pinta-pinta. Write a sentence. (Yimi yirraka.) Jalanguju Read and draw. Put a ring around pa, pi, pu. (Riiti-manta, pija yirraka. Wurru-kirdi-kiri-di kirraka pa, pi, pu.) pararri pingi purla-purla Put in the last syallable. (Yirraka nyiya-kurlu jilpurluju.) pa pi pu ma mi mu jurl.. jun.. parnka.. warda.. junguny.. ku.. pa pi Draw a picture. (Pija yirraka.) Kurdungka ka pakarni pingi watiya-kurlurlu wardapi Write a sentence. (Yimi yirrala.) Jalanguju Fill in the spaces to complete the syllable pattern. (Jilipurlu-wati yirraka jungarnirli.) a i u m ma j p Write the words. (Yirdi-wati yirraka.) Put in the first syllable. (Jilipurlu yirraka.) ..liki ..rla ..rlpu ..rraja ..kirri ..ngkirr ..ku-juku ..rnirri ..rli ..rturlu Jalanguju ma ka ya mi ki yi mu ku yu ..... ..... y.p. Write the words. (Yirdi-wati yirraka.) pa pi pu parraja pirli puluku pa pi pu Draw a picture about the sentence. (Pija yirraka nyampu yimi-kiri.) puluku ka wapami pirli-wana Jalanguju Write the words. (Yirdi-wati yirraka.) If you don't know what word to write, go back and read pages 35 to 40 again. (Pina riirti-manta pipa-wati 35-ngurlu 40-kirra.) The words in alphabetical order on the left side are words you will find in the work sheets. They are the most common words at Yuendumu. Next to them are the words used more often at Willowra and Lajamanu. If you speak Wakirti Warlpiri there may be other different words which are not in this word list. jaji, kirdanan, wapirra, father jamana, wirliya, foot, foot prints jarntu, maliki, dog jija, sister, (from English) jimanta, jija, shoulders jurlpu, jirripirdi, bird maliki, jarntu, dog manu, kapi and marlu, wawirri, Kangaroo mimi, kurriji mother-in-law mimi, ngalya forehead muju, jutu-jutu, tail bone wati, ngarrka man