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Plasma retinol and total carotenes and fracture risk after long-term supplementation with high doses of retinol

Ambrosini, Gina L., Alfonso, Helman, Reid, Alison, Mackerras, Dorothy, Bremner, Alexandra P., Beilby, John, Olsen, Nola J., Musk, Arthur W. and de Klerk, Nicholas H. (2014). Plasma retinol and total carotenes and fracture risk after long-term supplementation with high doses of retinol. Nutrition,30(5):551-556.

Document type: Journal Article
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IRMA ID 11436xPUB5
Title Plasma retinol and total carotenes and fracture risk after long-term supplementation with high doses of retinol
Author Ambrosini, Gina L.
Alfonso, Helman
Reid, Alison
Mackerras, Dorothy
Bremner, Alexandra P.
Beilby, John
Olsen, Nola J.
Musk, Arthur W.
de Klerk, Nicholas H.
Journal Name Nutrition
Publication Date 2014
Volume Number 30
Issue Number 5
ISSN 0899-9007   (check CDU catalogue  open catalogue search in new window)
Scopus ID 2-s2.0-84897034960
Start Page 551
End Page 556
Total Pages 6
Place of Publication United States
Publisher Elsevier Inc.
HERDC Category C1 - Journal Article (DIISR)
Abstract Objective
Observational studies suggest that moderate intakes of retinol and increased circulating retinol levels may increase fracture risk. Easy access to supplements, combined with an aging population, makes this a potentially important association. The aim of this study was to investigate plasma retinol and total carotene concentrations in relation to fracture risk after long-term supplementation with retinol and/or beta-carotene in 998 adults between 1990 and 2007.

Methods
Participants were 663 men and 335 women in a cancer prevention program who were initially randomized to a retinol (7.5 mg RE/d) or beta-carotene (30 mg/d) supplement between 1990 and 1996. After 1996, all participants received the retinol supplement only. Plasma retinol and total carotene, medication use and various lifestyle factors were measured at annual clinic visits. Fractures were identified by self-report in 2007. The risk for any fracture or osteoporotic fracture was modeled using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 7.8 y, 123 participants with plasma samples reported an incident fracture. Although plasma retinol concentrations were markedly higher than those reported in observational studies, no association was observed between plasma retinol and risk for any fracture (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86 μmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–1.14) or osteoporotic fracture (HR, 0.97 μmol/L; 95% CI, 0.66–1.43). A lower risk for any fracture was suggested with increasing plasma total carotenes (HR, 0.85 μmol/L; 95% CI, 0.71–1.01).

Conclusions
This study does not support earlier reports of an increased fracture risk associated with increased plasma retinol concentration. The potential for carotenes to prevent fractures deserves further investigation.
Keywords Retinol
Vitamin A
Carotene
Fractures
Intervention study
Plasma
Biomarkers
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2013.10.007   (check subscription with CDU E-Gateway service for CDU Staff and Students  check subscription with CDU E-Gateway in new window)
 
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