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The clinical and molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections in Fiji

Jenney, Adam, Holt, Deborah C., Ritika, Roselyn, Southwell, Paul, Pravin, Shalini, Buadromo, Eka, Carapetis, Jonathan R., Tong, Steven Y. C. and Steer, Andrew (2014). The clinical and molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections in Fiji. BMC Infectious Diseases,14(Article No. 160).

Document type: Journal Article
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IRMA ID 11436xPUB57
Title The clinical and molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections in Fiji
Author Jenney, Adam
Holt, Deborah C.
Ritika, Roselyn
Southwell, Paul
Pravin, Shalini
Buadromo, Eka
Carapetis, Jonathan R.
Tong, Steven Y. C.
Steer, Andrew
Journal Name BMC Infectious Diseases
Publication Date 2014
Volume Number 14
Issue Number Article No. 160
ISSN 1471-2334   (check CDU catalogue  open catalogue search in new window)
Scopus ID 2-s2.0-84897940714
Total Pages 7
Place of Publication United Kingdom
Publisher BioMed Central Ltd.
HERDC Category C1 - Journal Article (DIISR)
Abstract Background
There are few data describing the microbiology and genetic typing of Staphylococcus aureus that cause infections in developing countries.

Methods
In this study we observed S. aureus infections in Pacific Island nation of Fiji in both the community and hospital setting with an emphasis on clonal complex (CC) genotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility.

Results
S. aureus was commonly found in impetigo lesions of school children and was recovered from 57% of impetigo lesions frequently in conjunction with group A streptococcal infection. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) comprised 7% (20/299) of isolates and were all non-multi-resistant and all genotyped as CC1. In contrast, there was a diverse selection of 17 CCs among the 105 genotyped methicillin-susceptible S.aureus (MSSA) strains. Isolates of the rare, phylogenetically divergent and non-pigmented CC75 lineage (also called S.argenteus) were found in Fiji.

From hospitalized patients the available 36 MRSA isolates from a 9-month period were represented by five CCs. The most common CCs were CC1 and CC239. CC1 is likely to be a community-acquired strain, reflecting what was found in the school children, whereas the CC239 is the very successful multi-drug resistant MRSA nosocomial lineage. Of 17 MSSA isolates, 59% carried genes for Panton-Valentine leukocidin. The S. aureus bacteraemia incidence rate of 50 per 100,000 population is among the highest reported in the literature and likely reflects the high overall burden of staphylococcal infections in this population.

Conclusions
S. aureus is an important cause of disease in Fiji and there is considerable genotypic diversity in community skin infections in Fijian schoolchildren. Community acquired- (CA)- MRSA is present at a relatively low prevalence (6.7%) and was solely to CC1 (CA-MRSA). The globally successful CC239 is also a significant pathogen in Fiji.
Keywords Stapylococcus aureus
Clonal complex
Typing
Antimicrobial susceptibility
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-160   (check subscription with CDU E-Gateway service for CDU Staff and Students  check subscription with CDU E-Gateway in new window)
Additional Notes This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Description for Link Link to CC Attribution 4.0 License
URL https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0


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